随着炎热的夏天的到来和频繁的变速器问题，许多车主都在问是什么导致了变速器的故障。自动变速箱维修相对于手动变速箱而出现的一种能够自动根据汽车车速和发动机转速来进行自动换挡操纵的变速装置。目前汽车自动变速箱常见的有四种型式，分别是液力自动变速箱(AT)、机械无级自动变速箱(CVT)、电控机械自动变速箱(AMT)和双离合自动变速箱。
With the arrival of hot summer and frequent transmission problems, many car owners are asking what causes the transmission failure. Compared with manual transmission, automatic transmission maintenance is a kind of transmission device which can shift automatically according to vehicle speed and engine speed. At present, there are four common types of automobile automatic transmission, which are hydraulic automatic transmission (at), mechanical continuously variable transmission (CVT), electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission (AMT) and dual clutch automatic transmission.
变速箱维修起步、怠速停车、低速或高速行驶、加速、减速、爬坡和倒车等，这就要求汽车的驱动力和车速能在相当大的范围内变化，而目前广泛采用的活塞式发动机的输出转矩和转速变化范围较小。为了适应经常变化的行驶条件，同时使发动机在有利的工况下(功率较高、油耗较低)工作，在传动系统中设置了变速器。根据自动变速器修理协会的数据，90%的自动变速箱损坏是由过热引起的。那么这些高温来自哪里呢？
Transmission maintenance start, idle parking, low or high speed driving, acceleration, deceleration, climbing and reversing, etc., which requires that the driving force and speed of the car can change in a considerable range, while the output torque and speed of the piston engine which is widely used at present has a small range. In order to adapt to the constantly changing driving conditions and make the engine work under favorable conditions (high power and low fuel consumption), a transmission is set in the transmission system. According to the automatic transmission repair Association, 90% of automatic transmission damage is caused by overheating. So where do these high temperatures come from?
一、变速箱工作而来
1、 The gearbox works
自动传动的原理是自动传动油和液体的传动功率由液体阻力驱动。离合器一旦开始转动，就会产生摩擦。摩擦通常在加载齿轮、轴承等处产生。因此，自动变速器在运行过程中会由于内部部件的摩擦而产生大量的热量。另外，夏季高温不利于散热。因此，夏季也是一个传播问题。
The principle of automatic transmission is that the transmission power of oil and liquid is driven by liquid resistance. Once the clutch starts to turn, friction occurs. Friction usually occurs at the loading gear, bearing, etc. Therefore, the automatic transmission will produce a lot of heat due to the friction of internal components during operation. In addition, high temperature is not conducive to heat dissipation in summer. Therefore, summer is also a communication problem.
二、冷 却器问题
2、 Cooler problem
根据实验结果，高达150摄氏度的ATF温度仍然在115摄氏度和132摄氏度之间，也就是说，在散热过程中，温度仅小于20摄氏度，这也直观地反映了传统的原始油冷 却设备没有明显的效果，这对延长自动变速器的寿命没有明显的影响。
According to the experimental results, the ATF temperature as high as 150 ℃ is still between 115 ℃ and 132 ℃, that is to say, in the process of heat dissipation, the temperature is only less than 20 ℃, which directly reflects that the traditional original oil cooling equipment has no obvious effect, which has no obvious effect on extending the life of the automatic transmission.
三、驾驶行为引发
3、 Driving behavior triggers
在正常驾驶条件下，发动机启动后自动变速箱油（ATF）温度将自动升高80摄氏度。该温度是一般ATF的正常操作温度。但如果温度升高，其寿命就会降低。
Under normal driving conditions, the automatic transmission fluid (ATF) temperature will automatically increase by 80 ℃ after the engine is started. This temperature is the normal operating temperature of general ATF. But if the temperature increases, its life will decrease.
有些人可能认为我们可以正常工作，但即使我们正常驾驶，许多客观因素可能会使ATF温度超出安 全温度范围，如牵引、爬升、高温环境、持续高速驾驶、在市区停车和行走等。
Some people may think that we can work normally, but even if we drive normally, many objective factors may cause the ATF temperature to exceed the safe temperature range, such as traction, climbing, high temperature environment, continuous high-speed driving, parking and walking in urban areas, etc.
一旦发生这种情况，问题就会随之而来。高温会破坏atf的质量和摩擦特性，加剧内部部件的磨损，atf变成棕色并发出烧焦的味道，变速箱噪音随之而来。同时，变速箱内部也会产生油/杂质。如果温度超过120摄氏度，密封元件将开始变硬，
Once that happens, problems will follow. High temperature will destroy the quality and friction characteristics of the ATF, aggravate the wear of internal parts, make the ATF turn brown and give off the smell of scorch, and the transmission noise will follow. At the same time, there will be oil / impurities inside the transmission. If the temperature exceeds 120 ℃, the sealing element will begin to harden,
它会导致泄漏。如果温度升高，变速箱会滑倒，打滑会导致温度急剧上升，一些型号也会报警，进入变速箱保护模式，离合器会烧坏，整个变速箱停止运行。
It can cause leaks. If the temperature rises, the transmission will slip, and the slipping will lead to a sharp rise in temperature. Some models will alarm and enter the transmission protection mode. The clutch will burn out and the whole transmission will stop running.
