自动变速箱检测分为基本检测、失速检测、齿轮检测、液压检测和道路检测等。自动变速箱保养的核心在实现自动换挡。所谓自动换挡是指汽车在行驶的过程中，驾驶员按行驶过程的需要操控加速踏板（油门踏板），自动变速器即可根据发动机负荷和汽车的运行工况，自动换入不同挡位工作。目的是通过检测确定变速器的技术状态，找出故障的原因和位置，并采取相应的措施消除故障。
Automatic transmission detection is divided into basic detection, stall detection, gear detection, hydraulic detection and road detection. The core of automatic transmission maintenance is to realize automatic shift. The so-called automatic shift means that the driver controls the accelerator pedal (accelerator pedal) according to the needs of the driving process during the driving process of the car. The automatic transmission can automatically shift into different gears according to the engine load and the operating conditions of the car. The purpose is to determine the technical status of the transmission by testing, find out the cause and location of the fault, and take corresponding measures to eliminate the fault.
1常规检测
1 routine test
自动变速箱故障主要是由于自动变速箱维护不当所致。自动变速箱维修是相对于手动变速箱而出现的一种能够自动根据汽车车速和发动机转速来进行自动换挡操纵的变速装置。目前汽车自动变速箱常见的有四种型式，分别是液力自动变速箱、机械无级自动变速箱(、电控机械自动变速箱和双离合自动变速箱。因此，首先要对自动变速箱进行基本的检测和调整，这样不仅可以解决由于维修不当而引起的一些故障，而且可以为进一步的故障诊断提供有用的信息。
The failure of automatic transmission is mainly caused by improper maintenance of automatic transmission. Automatic transmission maintenance is a kind of transmission device which can automatically shift according to vehicle speed and engine speed. At present, there are four types of automatic transmission, namely hydraulic automatic transmission, mechanical stepless automatic transmission, electronic mechanical automatic transmission and double clutch automatic transmission. Therefore, first of all, the automatic transmission should be tested and adjusted, which can not only solve some faults caused by improper maintenance, but also provide useful information for further fault diagnosis.
(1)检测发动机怠速
(1) Detect engine idle speed
发动机怠速，达到正常水温后，自动变速箱置于“N”位置时，发动机的怠速是否在规定的范围内。如果怠速过低，当变速器放置在“R”、“D”、“2”或“1”位置时，会引起汽车振动，影响座椅的舒适性，严重地使发动机熄火。如果怠速过高，就会产生换挡冲击。
When the engine idles and reaches the normal water temperature, whether the idle speed of the engine is within the specified range when the automatic transmission is placed in the "n" position. If the idle speed is too low, when the transmission is placed in "R", "d", "2" or "1" position, it will cause vehicle vibration, affect the comfort of the seat, and seriously make the engine flameout. If the idle speed is too high, there will be shift impact.
(2)检测节流阀电缆
(2) Throttle cable detection valve
在自动变速箱中，节流电缆连接到发动机上的节气门。通过改变油门位移，将发动机油门开度信号转换为油门压力信号。油门张力线的检测主要是检查反映发动机负荷的油门开度，以及是否准确地反映了自动变速箱中的油门。
In an automatic transmission, the throttle cable is connected to the throttle valve on the engine. By changing the throttle displacement, the engine throttle opening signal is converted into the throttle pressure signal. The detection of throttle tension line is mainly to check whether the throttle opening reflects the engine load and whether it accurately reflects the throttle in the automatic transmission.
(3)齿轮选择机构的检测
(3) Detection of gear selection mechanism
驱动器操作齿轮选择，控制阀实现换挡。如果选择器控制阀发生故障，自动变速箱将无法正常工作。
The driver operates the gear selection, and the control valve realizes shifting. If the selector control valve fails, the automatic transmission will not function properly.
首先，观察齿轮选择机构的传动杆是否变形或干涉，以及接头是否固定良好。然后将选择手柄悬挂在每个齿轮上，并利用手柄的感觉来判断选择机构是否工作正常。例如，手柄在进入每个齿轮时是否灵活，进入齿轮后手柄是否处于正确的位置，等等。
Firstly, observe whether the transmission rod of gear selection mechanism is deformed or interfered, and whether the joint is fixed well. Then hang the selection handle on each gear, and use the feeling of the handle to judge whether the selection mechanism works normally. For example, whether the handle is flexible when entering each gear, whether the handle is in the correct position after entering the gear, etc.
检测中性启动开关，以确定发动机是否仅在变速器换档手柄处于“N”或“P”位置时才能启动，以及是否仅在齿轮选择手柄位于“R”位置时才打开倒车灯，以便打开倒车灯。
The neutral start switch is tested to determine if the engine can only be started when the transmission shift handle is in the "n" or "P" position, and whether the backup lights are turned on only when the gear selection handle is in the "R" position in order to turn on the backup lights.
检测超速控制开关，查看自动变速箱超速是否正常。
Check the overspeed control switch to check whether the automatic transmission is normal.
在安装强制下档开关并打开开关时，检测强制齿轮开关，以查看传感器电路中某些导线的连接是否良好，节气门开度是否正常。
When installing the forced downshift switch and opening the switch, check the forcing gear switch to see if some wires in the sensor circuit are connected well and whether the throttle opening is normal.
