Mastering a certain knowledge of car maintenance is the basic skill of car owners. In our daily life, we will find that with the extension of driving age, people will have a deeper understanding of car maintenance. Many large and small problems can be found in time, so as to solve them quickly.

　　一、机油更换常识

　　I. Common Knowledge of Oil Replacement

　　机油多久更换一次?每次需要更换多少机油?关于机油的更换周期和用量是大家特别关注的问题，较直接的就是去查看自己的随车保养手册，上面一般都有很清楚的介绍。但也有不少人的保养手册早就不见踪影了，此时你就要多多了解打听了。一般说来，机油的更换周期为5000公里，具体的更换周期和用量要根据车型相关信息来判断。

　　How often do you change the oil? How much oil do you need to change each time? The replacement cycle and quantity of the oil is a matter of special concern to everyone. The most direct way is to check your on-board maintenance manual, which generally has a very clear introduction. But many people's maintenance manuals have disappeared for a long time, so you need to know more about them. Generally speaking, the replacement cycle of oil is 5000 kilometers, and the specific replacement cycle and consumption should be judged according to the relevant information of the vehicle type.

　　不是所有的车型都适合车主自己动手换机油，但我们可以学会查看机油标尺，以此来判断机油是否到了该更换的时候。还有，更换机油的同时必须更换机油滤清器。

　　Not all models are suitable for car owners to change the oil by themselves, but we can learn to look at the oil gauge to determine whether the oil is the time to change. Also, oil filters must be replaced when oil is replaced.

　　二、防冻液使用常识

　　2. Common knowledge on the use of antifreeze

　　防冻液较好全年使用，除了防冻冷却的功能，防冻液还有清洁、除锈、防腐的作用，减少水箱的腐蚀，保护发动机。注意防冻液的颜色要挑选正确，不要混用。

　　Antifreeze liquid is best used all year round. In addition to the function of antifreeze cooling, antifreeze liquid also has the functions of cleaning, rust removal and anticorrosion, reducing the corrosion of water tank and protecting engine. Pay attention to the color of antifreeze liquid to choose the right, do not mix.

　　三、刹车油使用常识

　　3. Common Knowledge of Brake Oil Use

　　刹车系统的功能与刹车油有着紧密的联系，在检查更换刹车片、刹车盘等硬件时，不要忘记看看刹车油是否需要添加更换。

　　The function of the brake system is closely related to the brake oil. When checking the replacement of brake pads, brake discs and other hardware, don't forget to see if the brake oil needs to be added and replaced.

　　四、变速箱油

　　IV. Gearbox Oil

　　为了保证车子转向灵活，要经常检查变速箱油，不论是齿轮油还是自动变速箱油，都要注意油品的型号，通常来说都是就高的。

　　In order to ensure the vehicle steering flexibility, it is necessary to constantly check the transmission oil, whether gear oil or automatic transmission oil, pay attention to the type of oil, which is usually high.

　　保养项目

　　Maintenance program

　　日常汽车保养项目有哪些?汽车是个很复杂的大机械，在运行中各机械部件不可避免地会产生磨损，加上外界人为、环境等因素的影响，造成汽车的损耗。根据汽车的行驶状况，厂家都会制定相应的汽车保养项目，常见的保养项目有哪些呢?

　　What are the routine maintenance items of automobiles? Automobiles are very complex and large machinery. In operation, mechanical components will inevitably wear and tear, and the influence of external human and environmental factors will cause the loss of automobiles. According to the driving condition of the car, manufacturers will formulate the corresponding car maintenance projects. What are the common maintenance projects?

　　项目一、小保养

　　Item 1. Small Maintenance

　　小保养的内容：

　　Contents of minor maintenance:

　　小保养一般是指汽车行驶一定距离后，为保障车辆性能而在厂商规定的时间或里程做的常规保养项目。主要包括更换机油和机油滤芯。

　　Small maintenance generally refers to the routine maintenance items which are done at the time or mileage specified by the manufacturer to ensure the performance of the vehicle after a certain distance. Mainly includes the replacement of oil and oil filter.

　　小保养的间隔：

　　Interval of minor maintenance:

　　小保养的时间取决于所用机油和机油滤芯的有效时间或里程。不同品牌级别的矿物质机油、半合成机油、全合成机油有效期也不尽相同，请以厂商推荐为准。机油滤芯一般分常规及长效两种，常规机油滤芯随机油一起更换，长效机油滤芯使用时间更长。

　　The time of minor maintenance depends on the effective time or mileage of the oil and oil filter element used. The validity period of mineral oil, semi-synthetic oil and total synthetic oil of different brands is different, please refer to the manufacturer's recommendation. Oil filter elements are generally divided into conventional and long-term two, conventional oil filter elements are replaced with random oil, long-term oil filter elements use longer time.

　　小保养中的用品：

　　Supplies for minor maintenance:

　　1、机油就是发动机运转的润滑油。能对发动机起到润滑、清洁、冷却、密封、减磨等作用。对于降低发动机零件的磨损，延长使用寿命有着重要的意义。

　　1. Oil is the lubricant for engine operation. It can lubricate, clean, cool, seal and reduce the wear of the engine. It is of great significance to reduce wear and tear of engine parts and prolong service life.

　　2、机油滤芯机是过滤机油的部件。机油中都含有一定量的胶质、杂质、水分和添加剂;在发动机工作过程中，各部件摩擦产生的金属屑、吸入空气中的杂质、机油氧化物等，都是机油滤芯过滤的对象。若机油不作过滤，直接进入油路循环，将会对发动机的性能和寿命产生不利的影响。

　　2. Oil filter is a component of oil filter. Oil contains a certain amount of gum, impurities, moisture and additives. In the process of engine operation, metal scraps produced by friction of various components, impurities inhaled in the air, oil oxides, etc., are all the objects of oil filter element filtering. If the oil is not filtered and directly enters the oil circulation, it will have a negative impact on the performance and life of the engine.

　　项目二、大保养

　　Item 2. Big Maintenance

　　大保养的内容：

　　Contents of major maintenance:

　　大保养是指在厂商规定的时间或里程，进行的内容为更换机油和机油滤芯、空气滤芯、汽油滤芯的常规保养。

　　Big maintenance refers to the routine maintenance of oil and oil filter, air filter and gasoline filter during the time or mileage specified by the manufacturer.

　　大保养的间隔：

　　Large maintenance intervals:

　　大保养是基于小保养的存在，一般这两种保养交替进行。间隔因汽车品牌差异各有不同，具体还请以厂商推荐为准。

　　Large maintenance is based on the existence of small maintenance, usually the two kinds of maintenance alternately. The interval varies according to the brand of the car. Please refer to the manufacturer's recommendation.

　　大保养中的用品：

　　Supplies in major maintenance:

　　除了更换机油和机油滤清器之外，汽车大保养中还有以下两个项目：
                         

　　In addition to the replacement of oil and oil filters, there are the following two items in the major maintenance of automobiles:

　　1、空气滤清器

　　1. Air filter

　　发动机在工作过程中要吸进大量的空气，如果空气不经过滤，其中的尘埃会加速活塞组及气缸的磨损。较大的颗粒进入活塞与气缸之间，还会造成严重的“拉缸”现象。空气滤芯的作用就是滤除空气中的灰尘、颗粒，保证气缸中进入足量、清洁的空气。

　　The engine sucks in a lot of air during its working process. If the air is not filtered, the dust will accelerate the wear of the piston set and cylinder. Large particles entering between piston and cylinder will also cause serious "cylinder pulling" phenomenon. The function of air filter element is to filter the dust and particles in the air, so as to ensure that enough clean air is entered into the cylinder.

　　2、汽油滤清器

　　2. Gasoline filter

　　汽油滤芯的作用是为发动机提供清洁的燃油，过滤掉汽油的水分及杂质。从而使发动机性能达到较优化，同时也为发动机提供了较佳保护。

　　The function of the gasoline filter is to provide clean fuel for the engine and filter out the moisture and impurities of the gasoline. Thus, the engine performance can be optimized and the best protection can be provided for the engine at the same time.

　　通常，在进行汽车保养时，作业人员会根据车子的具体情况做其他检查，还会增加其他保养项目，比如发动机相关系统的检查清洗养护、轮胎的定位检查、各紧固部件的检查等等。

　　Usually, in vehicle maintenance, the operator will do other checks according to the specific conditions of the car, but also add other maintenance items, such as engine-related system inspection, cleaning and maintenance, tire positioning inspection, inspection of various fastening parts and so on.