Automobile automatic gear can be said to be the favorite of the majority of female car owners, because the automatic gearbox can automatically shift according to the speed of the engine, and the female drivers with poor driving skills can also fully drive the automatic gear.

　　不过很多车主们对于车辆自动变速箱的保养维护知识却知之甚少，开车过程中不注意维护保养，变速箱很容易发生故障。

　　However, many car owners know little about the maintenance of the automatic gearbox. They don't pay attention to the maintenance during driving, so the gearbox is prone to failure.

　　自动变速箱一旦出现问题维修起来也是非常麻烦，小编总结了变速箱的7大故障，个个都是很棘手的问题！

　　Once there are problems in the automatic gearbox, it is also very troublesome to repair. The small editor summarizes the seven major faults of the gearbox, all of which are very difficult problems!

　　1、汽车不能行驶

　　1. The car cannot be driven

　　故障情况：无论将换挡杆位于倒挡还是前进挡，汽车都不能行驶；又或者冷车起动后汽车能行驶一小段路程，但热车状态下汽车不能行驶。

　　Fault condition: no matter the shift lever is in reverse gear or forward gear, the car can't drive; or the car can drive a short distance after cold start, but the car can't drive in hot state.

　　遇到这样的情况可能是：自动变速箱漏油严重，严重缺油；进油滤网堵塞；主油路严重泄漏；油泵损坏；换挡杆和手动阀摇臂之间的连杆或拉索松脱，手动阀保持在空挡或停车挡位置。

　　It may be that the automatic gearbox has serious oil leakage and serious oil shortage; the oil inlet screen is blocked; the main oil circuit has serious leakage; the oil pump is damaged; the connecting rod or cable between the shift lever and the rocker arm of the manual valve is loose, and the manual valve is kept in the neutral or parking position.

　　2、起步或行驶有冲击

　　2. Impact when starting or driving

　　故障情况：在起步时或行驶中、加速时汽车有明显的冲击感。

　　Fault condition: the car has obvious impact when starting, driving and accelerating.

　　造成这样故障的原因可能是：发动机怠速过高；节气门拉索或节气门位置传感器调整不当，使主油路油压过高；主油路调压阀有故障，使主油路油压过高；换挡执行元件打滑；油压电磁阀不工作；电脑有故障。

　　The causes of such faults may be: the engine idling speed is too high; the throttle cable or throttle position sensor is not adjusted properly, so that the main oil circuit oil pressure is too high; the main oil circuit pressure regulating valve is faulty, so that the main oil circuit oil pressure is too high; the shift actuator is slipping; the oil pressure solenoid valve is not working; the computer is faulty.

　　3、入档迟、入档死、入档冲击

　　3. Late gear in, dead gear in and impact gear in

　　故障情况：测试入档标准是启动引擎、怠速、踩住刹车、入档，正常的的情况是1－1.2秒的时间内有入档的感觉、放开刹车踏板，在不踩油门踏板的情况下车辆会慢慢起步并逐步提取到10－20公里/小时的车速，这是正常的入档标准，如果入档后超过2秒钟以上即定位入档延迟，这种情况需要立即检修。

　　Fault condition: the test gear in standard is to start the engine, idle, step on the brake, and shift in. The normal condition is to feel the gear in within 1-1.2 seconds and release the brake pedal. Without stepping on the accelerator pedal, the vehicle will slowly start and gradually pick up the speed of 10-20 km / h, which is the normal gear in standard. If it is more than 2 seconds after shift in, it will be positioned Gear delay, which requires immediate maintenance.

　　如果入档有强烈的冲击感觉即定位入档冲击，需要说明的是任何的自动变速箱入档都有一定程度的冲击感觉，如果丝毫的感觉都没有，反而说明内部有故障，但这个冲击比较大是不能够接受的，而引发的这个问题的原因就很复杂而且包括除了变速箱以外的很多方面。

　　If there is a strong sense of impact in gear shifting, i.e. positioning impact, it needs to be explained that any automatic transmission has a certain degree of impact in gear shifting. If there is no sense of impact, it means that there is an internal fault, but the impact is relatively large, which is unacceptable. The causes of this problem are very complex and include many aspects except the gearbox 。

　　入档死火的情况是入档时引擎会死火，这种问题在冷车时比较明显，引发这个问题有变速箱的问题也有其他车身系统的问题。

　　In case of dead fire in gear, the engine will be dead in gear. This kind of problem is obvious when the car is cold. There are transmission problems and other body system problems that cause this problem.

　　4、车辆跑不起

　　4. The vehicle cannot run

　　故障情况：车辆跑不起包括没有高速，即无论如何行驶，车辆都不能达到100公里/小时个速段。提速很慢，即油门踩的很重但车辆还是慢慢提速，反应很差、缺乏酣畅的感觉，这种情况又包括引擎提速慢，即发动机的转速上不来和转速上得很快但车速不快这两种情况。

　　Fault condition: the vehicle can't run, including no high speed, that is, the vehicle can't reach 100 km / h in any case. The acceleration is very slow, that is to say, the accelerator is heavily stepped on but the vehicle is still slowly speeding up, with poor response and lack of sound feeling. This situation also includes the slow acceleration of the engine, that is, the engine speed is not up and the speed is very fast but the speed is not fast.

　　所以这是个非常复杂的问题，正常的测试标准是车辆起步、适当踩加速踏板，引擎转速平稳提升，车辆加速，一般在2500转左右，车速在25－30公里之间，自动变速箱进入一换档，引擎的转速在适当回落后逐步回升，同时车速明显加快，在车辆40公里时二次换档，变速箱在进入三档后，车速会进一步加快，在60公里的速段上会进入变速箱的高档位，整个过程引擎在升档的过程会适当回落后再次提起，无空转、无打滑现象。

　　So this is a very complex problem. The normal test standard is to start the vehicle and step on the accelerator pedal properly. The engine speed rises steadily. The vehicle accelerates. Generally, the engine speed is around 2500 rpm, and the vehicle speed is between 25-30 km. The automatic gearbox enters the first gear shift. The engine speed rises gradually after the engine speed falls back properly. At the same time, the vehicle speed increases obviously. When the vehicle is 40 km, the second gear shift changes After entering the third gear, the speed of the gearbox will be further accelerated, and it will enter the high gear of the gearbox at the speed of 60 km. During the whole process, the engine will be lifted again after appropriately falling back during the upshift, without idling or slipping.

　　一般引擎排量位2.0左右排量的车辆平稳行驶的情况下，引擎2500－3000转时车速可以达到100公里的时速，如需要进一步提升车速，引擎转速需要同步增加。如果引擎加油很闷、不顺畅一般说明引擎需要检修，如果引擎加速有力则说明变速箱内部档位不对、离合器烧毁、变钮器出现机械故障等。

　　Generally, when the vehicle with engine displacement of about 2.0 drives smoothly, the speed of the engine can reach 100 km / h at 2500-3000 rpm. If the speed needs to be further improved, the engine speed needs to be increased synchronously. If the oil filling of the engine is very stuffy and not smooth, it generally indicates that the engine needs to be overhauled. If the engine accelerates strongly, it indicates that the internal gear of the gearbox is not correct, the clutch is burnt, and the mechanical failure of the button changer, etc.

　　5、引擎空转

　　5. Engine idling

　　引擎空转一般发生在两种情况：

　　Engine idling generally occurs in two situations:

　　一是在车辆在平稳种突然出现引擎空转的现象，在车速慢下来又恢复正常，这种情况一般说明变速箱在短的时间内突然从高档位降为低档位，问题有可能处在控制系统或者散热系统上，变速箱本身没有问题。

　　One is that the engine suddenly idles when the vehicle is in a stable state, and then returns to normal when the speed slows down, which generally means that the gearbox suddenly drops from high gear to low gear in a short time. The problem may lie in the control system or the heat dissipation system, and the gearbox itself has no problem.

　　二是在加速的过程中或者在换档的过程中出现短暂的打滑空转现象，直观的感觉是后者没有前者那么厉害，实际上确实恰恰相反，后者的问题多半处在变速箱内的离合器等相关环节上，处理起来要对变速箱进行彻底解体检修，时间成本消耗都要比前者多出许多。

　　Second, there is a short slip and idling phenomenon in the process of acceleration or shift. The intuitive feeling is that the latter is not as severe as the former, but it is actually the opposite. Most of the problems of the latter lie in the clutch and other relevant links in the gearbox. When dealing with them, the gearbox needs to be completely disassembled and overhauled, and the time cost consumption is much more than the former.

　　6、行驶中引擎转速高

　　6. High engine speed during driving

　　这个问题也包括平稳行驶中一直转速高和提速过程中转速两种情况：

　　This problem also includes two situations: high speed during smooth driving and high speed during acceleration:

　　一、平稳过程中转速高，这种情况比较容易测试，比方一部引擎排量2.0的车辆平时在2600转即可车速达到100公里，如果一段时间经常需要3000转或更多方可以达到100公里，则说明有故障，一般这种故障是由于变速箱高速档失效或者变钮器内部锁止离合器失效引起的，需要立即检修变速箱。

　　1. The speed is high in the stable process, which is easy to test. For example, a vehicle with engine displacement of 2.0 can reach 100 km at 2600 rpm. If it often needs 3000 rpm or more for a period of time to reach 100 km, it means there is a fault. Generally, this fault is caused by the failure of high-speed gear of the transmission or the failure of internal locking clutch of the converter, The transmission needs to be serviced immediately.

　　二、提速过程中转速高，这个故障测试有点复杂，因为在提速过程中，引擎的转速的上升同加速踏板有者密切的关联，比方一部正常的帕撒特在小油门的情况引擎一般体速到2500转即可把车辆加速起来，但在全油门的情况引擎会提升到5500－6000转，如此巨大的反差是由于变速箱的电子控制系统的模糊逻辑来控制，所以这个标准需要一定的水准方可完成。

　　2. The speed is high in the process of acceleration. This fault test is a bit complicated because the engine speed rise is closely related to the accelerator pedal. For example, in the case of a normal Passat with a small throttle, the engine can speed up the vehicle at a speed of 2500 rpm, but in the case of a full throttle, the engine will rise to 5500-6000 rpm. Such a huge contrast is that Because of the fuzzy logic control of the electronic control system of the gearbox, this standard needs a certain professional level to be completed.

　　7、变速器异响

　　7. Abnormal noise of transmission

　　故障情况：异常响声在维修行业称为异响。在汽车运转过程中，常见自动变速器内有异响声、汽车行驶中自动变速器有异响，停车挂档后异响消失。

　　Fault condition: abnormal sound is called abnormal sound in maintenance industry. In the process of vehicle operation, there are common abnormal noises in the automatic transmission, and in the process of vehicle driving, the abnormal noises disappear after the vehicle is stopped and put into gear.

　　原因主要有四个：

　　There are four main reasons:

　　1、油泵因磨损过甚或自动变速器油面高度过低、过高而产生异响；

　　1. The oil pump makes abnormal noise due to excessive wear or the oil level of automatic transmission is too low or too high;

　　2、液力变矩器因锁止离合器、导轮单向超越离合器等损坏而产生异响；

　　2. The hydraulic torque converter makes abnormal noise due to the damage of the lock up clutch, one-way overrunning clutch of guide wheel, etc;

　　3、行星齿轮机构异响；

　　3. The planetary gear mechanism makes abnormal noise;

　　4、换档执行元件异响。

　　4. The shift actuator makes abnormal noise.

　　相应的解决方法：

　　Corresponding solutions:

　　1、检查自动变速器油油面高度。若太高或太低，应调整至正确高度。

　　1. Check the oil level of automatic transmission. If it is too high or too low, adjust it to the correct height.

　　2、应举升器将汽车升起，起动发动机，在空档、前进档、倒档等状态下检查自动变速器产生异响的部位和时刻。

　　2. Lift the car with a lifter, start the engine, and check the position and time when the automatic transmission makes abnormal noise in neutral, forward, reverse and other states.

　　3、若在任何档位下自动变速器前部始终有连续的异响，通常为油泵或液力变矩器异响，对此，应拆检自动变速器，检查油泵有无磨损、液力变矩器内有无大量摩擦粉末。如有异常，应更换油泵或液力变矩器。

　　3. If there is continuous abnormal sound at the front of the automatic transmission in any gear, it is usually the abnormal sound of the oil pump or the hydraulic torque converter. For this, the automatic transmission shall be disassembled and inspected to see whether the oil pump is worn or there is a large amount of friction powder in the hydraulic torque converter. In case of any abnormality, replace the oil pump or hydraulic torque converter.

　　4、若自动变速器只有在行驶中才有异响，空档时无异响，则为行星齿轮机构异响。对此，应分解自动变速器，检查行星齿轮机构各个零件有无磨损痕迹、齿轮有无断裂，单向超越离合器有无磨损、卡滞，轴承或止推垫片有无损坏。如有异常，应予以更换。

　　4. If the automatic transmission makes abnormal noise only during driving and there is no abnormal noise in neutral, it is the abnormal noise of planetary gear mechanism. In this regard, the automatic transmission should be disassembled to check whether all parts of the planetary gear mechanism are worn, whether the gear is broken, whether the one-way overrunning clutch is worn or stuck, and whether the bearing or thrust gasket is damaged. In case of any abnormality, it shall be replaced.